Dario Fo free essay sample

Accidental death of an Anarchist, originally titled Morte Accidentale di un Anarchico , is an Italian play by the Nobel Prize winner Dario Fo. Dario Fo, the Nobel prize winner in 1997, is something of a phenomenon: the brilliant, absurdist, ultra-leftist, anti-fascist Italian playwright, known (along with his wife, Franca Rame, who was kidnapped and raped by Neofascist thugs associated with the carabinieri, police, in 1973) for farce, absurdist comedy, and for wild slapstick one-man improvisational shows. The play was first published in 1970, in Italy, is a social satire and a political drama. It uncovers the crime or criminals, police, corruption, imposters, death and dying, journalism and journalists, and anarchism or anarchists. Fo’s Accidental death of an Anarchist responds to events unfolding in Italy in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Generally, it looks at police corruption and suspicions regarding the government’s conspiracy in this corruption. It addresses the actual death of an anarchist who was being held in the police custody. We will write a custom essay sample on Dario Fo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In its first two years of production, Dario Fos controversial farce, Accidental Death of an Anarchist, was seen by over half a million people. It has since been performed all over the world and is widely recognized as a classic of modern drama. A sharp and hilarious satire on political corruption, it concerns the case of an anarchist railway worker who, in 1969, fell to his death from a police headquarters window. In the play Death of an Anarchist, Dario Fo expresses his political concerns, using high humor. He incorporates stock characters such the Madman and the superintendent to address issues like abuse of power, while using farce and satire to emphasize his point. All these points force us to think about the issues in contemporary society. The Madman has the main role in Death of an Anarchist. We can compare him to the Commedia Dell’arte character Arlecchino as both are very intelligent and unpredictable in their plans. It is through the Madman the audience learns the truth about the death of the anarchist. The madman constantly changes his character in the play, representing the deception and disguise of the police force and ridiculing those in power. In Act One, Scene Two, the Madman says, â€Å"I’m not pushing. You have been seized by a raptus. † The irony, in this great comic line, shows how absurd the police statements are. Another example is when the Madman’s arm falls off and he mockingly states: â€Å"Next you’ll be pulling off my leg. † This statement stresses Dario Fo’s message about the injustice and lies by the police in society. The Madman is very intelligent and this helps him to control the authoritative figures and make them out to be foolish and weak. For example in Act One, Scene Two, he points to be a nervous twitch in his neck. This is comic because he threatens the police with something that couldn’t possibly cause them any harm. The Madman convinces the police to re-write their version of events; thus making them look like fools. You know what I say You mean draw up a third version? (Act One Scene Two). Here he uses irony to satirize police conduct, again reinforcing Fos idea that people in power know nothing. By making the audience laugh, Fo is also able to become closer to them, making his political views more important. The Madmans lines at the end of the play- Whichever way it goes, you see, youve got to decide-emphasizes the point Fo makes about the fact that there are always different outcomes possible for any event. The Superintendent is one of the main characters in Accidental Death of an Anarchist. He is cynical and sarcastic and is always offering advice. He represents the police force. The Superintendent reflects the abuses of police power that were occurring at the time. This is shown in Act One, Scene Two when he speaks about the statement made by the police â€Å"†¦ more like a correction’†. He tries to ‘purge’ their mishappenings, using a neutral euphemism for an unpleasant subject. This stirs anger in the audience who are forced to think about how openly and confidently the Superintendent expresses his corruption. He heightens the comedy in the play and Fo makes him completely unaware, contradictory of someone who is meant to be learned. In Act Two, Scene One, the Superintendent exclaims â€Å"†¦your Honor, you’re taking the piss. † Not only does it expose the police’s disrespect for the law and it’s proceeding through the use of his farcical comment, but it is also ironic that what he has said is such an understatement. There were many themes presented in Accidental Death of an Anarchist including that of the abuse of the power by the authoritarian, for personal gain and achievement. The characters in the play reflects it in there words or actions. For example, Miss Feletti uses her position as a journalist to gain money and improve her status. The Madman brings out the irony in the journalists of that time and their journalism. They know everything happening outside their country but aren’t aware of the condition of their own country and its people. Maniac:You are a journalist but what will you achieve? A huge scandal Feletti: Not a bad days work. (Act Two, Scene Two) This line helps the audience to see Feletti as someone who is two-faced, pretending to do whats in the interests of the public, but having the underlying knowledge that a good story will gather big bucks. This is exactly the way Fo views journalists. The Maniac in this case is used to point out how far individuals will go for their own benefit. The use of farce or parody in The Accidental Death of an Anarchist is also a very conscious political decision on Fo’s part which draws itsel f from medieval popular culture. Bakhtin describes parody as a ‘comic doubling’ where the forms/mediums of representation become objects of representation. Thus, in the play Fo puts the form of representing reality practiced by official history within the frame of critique of social democracy. Fo’s parodied and travestied forms are also ‘intentional dialogzied hybrids’, it is an interactive conversational form where a dialogue occurs of voices from different discourses and perspectives; which has a subversive effect on the uni-dimensional nature of an official narrative. For instance, when the Madman is parodying the judge, it is interspersed with his own comments as well. In conclusion, it can be said that the performances of The Accidental Death of an Anarchist by Fo between 1970-1972 in itself constituted a subversion of official history. Fo at that time was not only performing in official bourgeoisies institutional theatrical circuits, but in proletariat spaces like Case del Popolo, movie houses, dance halls, etc. To quote Fo, â€Å"we invented a form of theatre for these spaces, controversial performances which created great debates that went on hours after the shows†¦their desires and needs came up directly from these debates and the subjects matter we took followed directly from them. † The play created a strong political atmosphere, running around two hundred shows and reaching out to more than three million people. Fo was assaulted and imprisoned and his wife, Rame was kidnapped, brutalized and abused as punishment for their part in exposing the cover up.

The State and The Society

The difference between state and society is often not distinct. Attempts made to differentiate the two have not yielded significant results so far. On one hand, the state has historically been considered to be a regulatory organ. Although there are various theories that have been put forward to elucidate between the two terms, a common ground is yet to be reached.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The State and The Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, this has created myriad of complexities in outlining clear differences since it is largely believed that both the state and society are dependent of each other. In order to understand the difference between the two, both their definitions and roles should be determined. The state can be defined as a system which has set rules and regulations that ensures the presence and regulation of norms for purposes of peaceful and harmonious co-existence. It is a s ystem that is brought into being due to the need for mutual coexistence. Therefore, a state creates regulatory framework so that individuals within society can coexist harmoniously. This appears to be similar according to non-conservatism theory put forward by Friedrich Hayek. The latter theorist believed that liberalism was the only way through which the rule of law could be upheld. Moreover, a state has myriad of ways through which it can enact and enforce legislations which society is expected to adhere to. At this point, a state acts as a driving force to society and therefore it stands out as an exceptional organ which the society must respect. For situations and individuals to experience the presence of norms, entity behavior must be defined where each character in the situation is expected to adhere to certain stipulations in order ensure continual existence of norms. These create boundaries of social behavior as normally brought about by collective agreements that require in dividuals to make stringent observations. Such collective consensuses have been witnessed in creation of guiding documents such as the constitution which leads to the creation of the law. This is also supported by Schmitt’s law of the exception which stated that sovereign determines emergency levels in situations that experience absence of norms. Hence, the state intervention with regulatory approaches is inevitable to bring norms back into existence. The latter is exceptional especially when describing the difference between state and society.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A government is a body that ensures wellbeing of the society through upholding of social norms. These are the same functions carried out by the state. Hence, there are several similarities between government and state. However, according to the theorist Friedman, a government is in a position to do w hat individuals in society cannot do. Sometimes, the government or state may fail to ensure existence of societal norms, especially when under threat from society for poor regulation; the state may opt to use absolute authority for the sake of its sustainability. The state may also become prominent when it imposes state-friendly norms while interpersonal norms are given less priority. State elements such as leaders and politicians end up amassing much power and wealth leading to rise in leadership. On the other hand, society is a collection of different individuals with various norms and practices but with a common expectation. The society creates regulatory documents with collective vision such as the law to ensure coexistence. Although society does not individually carry the mandate of ensuring efficiency of regulations, it greatly influences the degree of efficiency of these regulations. In order to ensure efficiency, society creates bodies in a similar way as the state or govern ment, which are mandated to observe effectiveness of regulations. To a larger extent, society becomes a victim of the regulations and consequences resulting from failed norms. In summing up, it is imperative to note that the difference between the state and society is quite small. The society is the foundational base for existence of norms and thus leads to the need for regulation of norms. It is out of the existence of society that the there is need to form a state. This essay on The State and The Society was written and submitted by user Aal1yah to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Good Topics For a Class Assignment - How To Find Great Ones

Good Topics For a Class Assignment - How To Find Great OnesFinding good topics for a classification essay is probably the most important part of writing a college class. In fact, I'm surprised I don't write more articles about good topics for a class assignment.So, what can you do to find good topics for a class assignment? First of all, look for things that the student has already done in class. A good example is when you see students doing their homework or studying in class.In class, they usually do things like memorize the names of books or songs by that time, and you'll usually notice them taking notes during the early morning hours while it's still dark out. These are usually examples of things that the student will be able to remember.After they get bored in class, they might start to read for another hour in order to have a decent amount of time to think up good topics for a class assignment. If you notice that your class seems to have little activity then this is an excellen t chance to draw up topics that the student might remember.Another thing you could do is keep asking students for fresh ideas. There are a lot of ways you can get ideas in class.Ask questions about anything you're curious about. This will often bring up something new and it's always a good idea to pick up ideas in class if you get them.Keep on asking for great ideas in class, and in the homework and even in the lunchroom. If you keep doing this, you should be able to come up with a good topic for a class assignment that the student will remember.

actual Literature Review Essay

actual Literature Review Essay actual Literature Review Essay Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction In United Kingdom, for the past few years the UK’s population is expanding and becoming more diverse. The population of the UK has grown to 64.1 million in the mid 2013). Since 2001 the UK’s population has increased by around 5 million (Office for National Statistics, 2014). As well as this, according to Migration watch, Net Migration to the UK in the year ending March 2014 was 243,000 (Green, 2014), this could be one of the reasons the UK’s increase in its population. In this chapter, there will be an exploration on how the UK’s ever growing multicultural society can help assist the needs of young children who come from diverse backgrounds, with the use of more technology in settings being one of them. There will be a particular focus on children with English as an additional language (EAL), as over the past few years due to the increase in migration in the UK there has also been an increase of EAL children in nurseries and schools. There are more than a million children between 5–16 years old in UK schools who speak in excess of 360 languages between them in addition to English. Currently there are a 1,061,010 bilingual 5-16 year olds in English schools (NALDIC, 2014). 2.2 Historical Context According to educators, it was at around the 1950s Britain in which they started to see signs of diversity in Nurseries and schools in Britain. It was at that time people from around the world were migrating to the UK (Hatt and Issa, 2013). Migrants began to emerge from 1950s to 1960s from organizations such as the association of teachers of pupils from overseas (ATEPO), the British Caribbean society and national committee for commonwealth immigrants (Plowden report, 1967). These new arrivals were needed due to the expansion of the British economy which resulted to the demand for unskilled and semi-skilled workers for example London transport, British rail and underground as well as mass production lines (Hatt and Issa, 2013). The recruitment of these arrivals were where cheap labour was available. The history of the UK illustrates that it is indeed a ‘growing diverse population’. During the eleventh century there was the arrival of the Norman French and also in the eigh teenth century there was the installation of the German Hanoverian monarchy (Issa, 2013). Even way back in 54-5BCE was when the Romans invaded England and also other settlers (winder, 2004). So it’s evident that the UK has constantly been able to handle new arrivals, which enabled this country to modify it language due to the influences of other cultures (winder, 2004). Due to Britain’s evolving multicultural society, a focus on language began to stem up from educators and the government. This resulted in the publication of ‘English for immigrants in 1963’ (Rattansi 1992, cited in smith, 2003). This publication stated that schools should face the issues of integrating immigrants into the education system, by schools finding more on child’s culture and should ensure they support child in dealing with new unfamiliar experiences whilst teaching child English (Ministry of education, 1963). There was also further concerns raised in regards to the rate of migration at the time. These concerns were on the presence of immigrant population not causing any type of disturbance to the white British pupil’s education (Rattansi 1992, cited in smith, 2003). 2.3 The inclusion of Migrants in the UK Following on from the early governments approach to assimilation this is where inclusion began to come underway. Inclusion plays a big role in one of the ways in how the UK deal with how rapidly British society is becoming more multicultural due to migration. According to the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO, 2014) inclusion is defined to be the removal of all barriers, participation and overcoming all forms of exclusion within education. However, researchers Jenny Corbett and Roger Slee’s

5 Widespread Myths About Interracial Relationships

5 Widespread Myths About Interracial Relationships Interracial couples, marriages, and relationships are more common today than ever before in the United States. Marriages between people of different races reached a record high of 8.4 percent in 2010, according to the New York Times. Despite the rising rate of interracial marriage, mixed-race couples not only continue to face scrutiny and disapproval but sweeping generalizations from outsiders. Individuals in interracial relationships often are accused of entering such unions for less than honorable reasons. This review of the myths that shroud interracial couples indicate that romance across the color line remains a source of stigma. Interracial Means Black And White Arguably the biggest myth about interracial couples is that such pairings always involve a white person and a person of color. Interracial couples consisting of two people who belong to racial minority groups are largely overlooked in the mainstream culture. This is likely because discussions of race in general still are based on a black-white paradigm. Nonetheless, interracial couples of color have been the inspiration for films such as â€Å"Mississippi Masala,† in which Denzel Washington plays a character who falls in love with a South Asian woman. Moreover, the comedy â€Å"Harold Kumar Go to White Castle† paired the Korean-American protagonist up with a Latina love interest. Of course, a number of such couples exist in real life as well. Famous examples of interracial couples of color include musician Carlos Santana and his wife, Cindy Blackman, an African American; and Wesley Snipes and his wife, Nakyung Park, a Korean American. As the United States grows more diverse, interracial couples of color will only grow more common. Accordingly, discussion of interracial relationships should include pairings of Asian Americans and African Americans, Hispanic Americans and Arab Americans, and so forth. People in Interracial Relationships Never Date Their Own Race Strangers often assume that people in interracial relationships have long dated exclusively outside of their race. It’s undeniable that some people display strong preferences for a particular race. Indian-American actress Mindy Kaling, for example, essentially told Us Magazine that she favors white men.   â€Å"I embarrassingly love blond men - hot pinups like Chris Evans and Chris Pine,† she said. â€Å"I feel like people expect me to have an edgy choice, like Justin Theroux, and I’m just like, ‘Nope! I want Captain America!’† In addition, Kaling has been called out for casting solely white men as her love interests on her show â€Å"The Mindy Project.† Unlike Mindy Kaling, however, many people in interracial relationships don’t have a type. They have dated both intra-racially and interracially and just happened to end up with partners who don’t share their ethnic background. They don’t have a pattern of choosing solely white mates or solely Asian mates or Hispanic ones. Singer Rihanna,  journalist Lisa Ling and actor Eddie Murphy are all examples of people whove dated both within and outside of their racial group.  Ã‚   If you don’t know the dating history of a person in an interracial relationship, don’t assume that they have no interest in dating members of their own race. Unless you’re interested in dating the person in question, however, ask yourself why you care whom this person dates. If the person has bought into the idea that some racial groups are more desirable than others and date such people because they consider them to be â€Å"catches† or â€Å"trophies,† there’s little you can do to change their mindset anyway. They’ll likely excuse their dating patterns as being simple â€Å"preferences† rather than examine how our racially stratified society has influenced them to find some racial groups more appealing than others. Minorities in Interracial Romances Hate Themselves People of color who date interracially are often accused of suffering from self-hatred. While some minorities date whites in particular for social status, many minorities who date across the color line are proud of their heritage. They’re not dating interracially to dilute their bloodlines. They simply felt a spark with someone who doesn’t share their racial background. This doesn’t mean that they don’t identify with their minority group and are ashamed to be part of that group. A number of African Americans who married interracially have fiercely fought for civil rights and the uplift of their racial group, including the abolitionist Frederick Douglass, playwright Lorraine Hansberry, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall and actor-singer Harry Belafonte. Whites in Interracial Marriages Are Rebelling While minorities in interracial relationships are often accused of hating themselves, whites in such relationships are often accused of rebelling. They didn’t marry interracially because they truly loved their spouse, outsiders say, but because they wanted to get back at their parents. Are there white people who bring home a person of another race because they know it will drive their parents crazy? Probably. But it’s unlikely that these people would have a sustained relationship with someone of a different race just to spite their parents, let alone marry interracially to do so.  Ã‚   Minorities in Interracial Relationships Date Down It’s a common belief that people of color in interracial relationships, especially with whites, date down rather than up. In other words, their partners aren’t particularly attractive, moneyed or educated. They are not dating â€Å"catches.† The rationale here is that whites enjoy so much privilege in society that minorities who pursue romances with them aren’t exactly picky. Any white person will do. This, of course, is a sweeping generalization. Unless the only criterion a person has in a mate is that she be white, it’s doubtful that this generalization applies. Rosie Cuison Villazor, a law professor and editor of Loving v. Virginia in a Post-Racial World, has found that the income of interracial couples tends to vary by the racial makeup of the couple. â€Å"Forty-two percent of white men/Asian women married couples both went to college, compared with 20 percent of white/Hispanic married couples and 17 percent of white/black married couples,† she found. â€Å"A look at earnings also reveals racial and gender differences: the median combined income of white/Asian couples is $70,952, compared with $53,187 for white/black married couples.† The fact that black-white couples earn less than white-Asian couples reflects the fact that blacks generally earn less than whites in the United States, while Asians tend to earn as much or more money than whites. Given this and the fact people of all races are more likely to romance those who share their economic and education background, it’s inaccurate to suggest that minorities in interracial relationships marry or date down. Sources Maillard, Kevin Noble. Loving vs. Virginia in a Post-Racial World. Rose Cuison Villazor (Editor), Cambridge University Press, May 16, 2012. Villazor, Rose Cuison. Marrying Across Racial Lines, but Still Seeing Lines. The New York Times, November 17, 2014.

Sociological Systems Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sociological Systems Theory - Essay Example A relationship is defined, as the interactive existence of more than one occurrence, in which there is a relative linkage marked by logic, concept, structure, or time. In this mode a relationship between occurrences is more than a proposition. For example, management and organization scientists generally define propositions on stating relationships between two or more concepts. An illustration would be the linkage between the efforts carried on R&D and the satisfaction of users of the new product, which was thus developed. When a relationship is defined beyond the propositional boundaries, it would be similar to the chain architecture of propositions, which compose an entire theory. This flow and changeability of variables are characteristics of a process mode, in which occurrences are linked by virtue of conceptual criteria. For instance, a theory of innovation would be explained in the form of a process, where research flows into development, into testing, engineering, and marketing. Processes are to a large extent structural manifestations of theories where propositions may be ordered to form a coherent theory. Underlying the managerial and organizational approaches to problem solving criteria are four methods: (1) parsimony; (2) simplicity; (3) closeness and realism; and (4) balance and equilibrium. Let us examine each criterion inclusive of its limitations and weaknesses. Methodologies Parsimony: With parsimony, the issue is to achieve economy in describing the phenomenon for the purpose of studying, modeling, and data collection. Burton and Obel have suggested, "Parsimonious explanations are a factor in determining the validity of computational models". (Burton R, and B. Obel, 1995) Parsimony becomes a problem when it contributes to capricious modeling in the quest for economy. Variables that may be factors in alternative explanations should be measured and are left outside the research design for reasons beyond the logical linkage. In the transition from theory to modeling, then to experimental design, the quest for parsimony is additive, hence sequentially and deleteriously compress the universe being investigated. (Geisler, 1999) Issues of construct validity are to be considered in non-adherence to parsimony. That is, in defense of economy and elegance it may be said that by clearly defining the phenomenon, the validity of the design increases, but at what price Largely at the expense of a more productive and comprehensive approximation to a more viable representation of the phenomenon, the result is akin to the problem of accuracy versus useful information. Parsimonious qualification of research into the managerial and organizational activities may lead to a slice of the phenomenon that is highly researchable, accurate, and elegant yet of little use as representative of the broader phenomenon. Simplicity The second methodology is the quest for simplicity. As in the case of parsimony, threats to validity are anchored in both the research desi

Trigger Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Trigger Paper - Essay Example Goodson (2011) indicates that in order for a business to keep its customers loyal, it must be transparent and build relationships with customers. Apple is forced to change its branding strategies in marketing and also develop a presence in social media in order to be more interactive with customers so that they will remain devoted and trusting buyers. This requires planning, reorganization of marketing personnel in operations, and also financial investment to provide transparency and maintain customer relationships. Business Week (2007, p.1) reinforces that Apple â€Å"has gone out of its way† to establish brand loyalty since much of its sales revenues come from repeat buyers. When customers now have the ability to provide negative publicity through blogs and social discussion online, the business must be responsive to gain positive product feedback and ensure its reputation. This involves being more adaptable and providing support staff in social media as a long-term strategic plan, a labor-intensive and cost-adding effort to satisfy a new type of evolving consumer